Anti pollution heating system

ABSTRACT

An anti-pollution heating system in which the flame from a gun type oil burner is fed into a cylindrical chamber somewhat larger in diameter than the outlet of the oil burner. The air feeding the flame is given a swirling motion by a set of stationary vanes in the air passage. The chamber curves inwardly to a reduced diameter outlet to momentarily retard the flow and cause all of the oil to become ignited. The products of combustion pass then into a large chamber where combustion is completed. The large chamber has perforated side walls to permit air to flow therein to provide sufficient oxygen to complete the combustion. A surrounding air chamber conducts air to the heated walls with some of the air flowing into the chamber and the remainder flowing to the air system of a home or other space to be heated. A lip underlies the jet of the oil burner to receive any oil dripping therefrom as the burner is turned off directing the oil into the combustion chamber where it is instantaneously atomized by the heated walls.

United States Patent [191 Grainger [54] ANTI-POLLUTION HEATING SYSTEM [76] Inventor: Lewis M. D. Grainger, Glen Allen,

[22] Filed: Sept. 21,1971

[21] Appl. No.: 182,456

[52] U.S.Cl ..126/116 R, 122/20 B, 122/136 R, 431/352 [51] Int. Cl ..F24h 3/00 [58] Field of Search.....43l/352, 265, 183; 122/20 B, 122/136 R; 126/116 R Primary Examiner-Carroll B. Dority, .lr. Attorney-Elton H. Brown, Jr.

[57] ABSTRACT An anti-pollution heating system in which the flame from a gun type oil burner is fed into a cylindrical chamber somewhat larger in diameter than the outlet of the oil burner. The air feeding the flame is given a swirling motion by a set of stationary vanes in the air passage. The chamber curves inwardly to a reduced diameter outlet to momentarily retard the flow and cause all of the oil to become ignited. The products of combustion pass then into a large chamber where combustion is completed. The large chamber has perforated side walls to permit air to flow therein to provide sufficient oxygen to complete the combustion. A surrounding air chamber conducts air to the heated walls with some of the air flowing into the chamber and the remainder flowing to the air system of a home or other space to be heated. A lip underlies the jet of the oil burner to receive any oil dripping therefrom as the burner is turned off directing the oil into the combustion chamber where it is instantaneously atomized by the heated walls.

5 Claims, 9 Drawing Figures Sum 1 0r 2 O O O 00 O O O O O 0 O O O O O O O O O O O 0 O 0 O 0 O o O O O O o o o o o o o 0 o o o o o 0 o O O O l O vPAH-INTER JAN 3 0 I973 INVENTOR. LEW/(5' M 0. GPA/M61643 PATENTEDJMI 30 I973 SHEET 2 OF 2 F? I 1 e R 5 00000 1 G 0 0o0 00 N 000000 00 000 o 0000 6 E 000 000000 fl o o 00 0 1 F 0 000000 1 l 0 0 0 0 00 G I- 0000000 000 O 0000; 0 00000000 0000 0 00OO\ 0 0 0000 I M 0 0 0000 0 00000000 I 00 000 SY 0 w0o0000o0\ /H 000 00 oo 0 W 000 00000000 o 0000 0000 v o F 00 00 0000 L 0000 0 000005 000 000 0000K 000000 000000 0 0 00000 \OOOOOOO 0 00000 00000 0 0 00000 \OOOOOOO 0 00000000 00000 0 0 000000 0000000 0 A 000 ANTI-POLLUTION HEATING SYSTEM BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to oil burner heating systems for air, hot water, and steam.

2. Summary of the Invention An anti-pollution oil burning heating system in which a gun type oil burner is provided with a device for causing the air fed thereto to have a swirling motion as it leaves the gun. A combustion chamber of a diameter greater than the outlet diameter of the oil burner is secured to the burner and receives the products of combustion therefrom. The outlet of the combustion chamber is reduced in diameter and curves inwardly to momentarily retard the flow of gases from the combustion chamber to insure that all oil therein is ignited. A substantially larger secondary combustion chamber is secured to the combustion chamber and receives the products of combustion therefrom. The secondary combustion chamber is perforated to receive air through its walls and is surrounded by an air housing directing air thereto. The secondary combustion chamber provides a heating exchange for air flowing thereover and some of this air is directed to the heating system of the home or other enclosure to be heated.

A lip is provided under the oil jet of the oil burner to catch any drip following the operation of the burner and direct this into the combustion chamber where it is instantaneously vaporized by the heat of the combustion chamber.

In one modified form of the invention the products of combustion from the secondary combustion chamber are directed through a hot water heat exchanger to heat hot water for hot water heating systems. In another modified form of the invention the products of combustion are fed to a steam boiler to produce steam for a steam heating system.

The primary object of the invention is to provide an anti-pollution oil burner heating system for hot air, hot water and steam units.

Other objects and advantages will become apparent in the following specification when considered in the light of the attached drawings.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a side elevation of the invention;

FIG. 2 is a transverse sectional view taken along the line 22 of FIG. 1, looking in the direction of the arrows;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged fragmentary longitudinal sectional view taken along the line 33 of FIG. 2, looking in the direction of the arrows;

FIG. 4 is a fragmentary transverse sectional view taken along the line 4-4 of FIG. 3, looking in the direction of the arrows;

7 FIG. 5 is an enlarged transverse sectional view taken along the line 5-5 of FIG. 3, looking in the direction of the arrows;

FIG. 6 is a fragmentary longitudinal sectional view of a modified form of the invention;

FIG. 7 is a fragmentary horizontal sectional view of FIG. 9 is a transverse sectional view taken along the line 9--9 of FIG. 7, looking in the direction of the arrows.

5 DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Referring now to the drawings in detail, wherein like reference characters indicate like parts throughout the several figures, the reference numeral 10 indicates generally, an anti-pollution, oil burning, hot air heating system constructed in accordance with the invention.

The hot air heating system 10 includes a gun type oil burner 11 of generally conventional design having an outlet tube 12, an oil supply pipe 13 extending centrally down the outlet tube 12, and a burner nozzle 14 mounted on the oil supply tube 13. A vane air deflector 15 is mounted in the outlet tube 12 on the oil supply tube 13 to cause the air flowing toward the nozzle 14 to be given a swirling motion to aid in the completion of the combustion.

A generally cylindrical primary combustion chamber 16 is secured to the oil burner outlet tube 12 and has a diameter substantially greater then that of the tube 12. The combustion chamber 16 curves inwardly at 17 to a reduced diameter outlet 18 which opens into a neck 19 extending from the primary combustion chamber 16. The downstream end of the neck 19 is outwardly flared at F to prevent blockage of the outlet end of the neck 19 by carbon buildup and the like.

A generally cylindrical air housing 20 is supported on legs 21 at its opposite ends and has a large circular opening 22 at one end thereof and a large circular opening 23 at the opposite end thereof. A heated air conduit 24 is connected to the housing 20 and has a filter 25 mounted therein to filter the heated air passing upwardly through the conduit 24.

A generally cylindrical secondary combustion chamber 26 is positioned within the housing 20 and supported on a pair of semi-circular brackets 27, 28 at its opposite ends. The brackets 27 28 are secured to the housing 20 by bolts 29 and are arranged to support the secondary combustion chamber 26 concentrically with the housing 20. The secondary combustion chamber 26 has an inlet end wall 30 and an outlet end wall 31 spaced inwardly respectively from the openings 22, 23 of the housing 20 to permit a free flow of air therethrough.

The secondary combustion chamber 26 is provided with a plurality of air inlet bores 32 throughout its length to permit additional air to flow into the secondary combustion chamber 26 as required to completely burn all pollutents resulting from the oil burner 11. A stack 33 extends upwardly from the secondary combustion chamber 26 through the wall of the housing 20 to the atmosphere.

A conventional cover 34 may surround the primary combustion chamber 16 and housing 20 as illustrated in FIG. 1 if desired. It should be understood that in the event that insufficient air is available within the area where the system 10 is located to support complete pollution free combustion then conventional air blowers will be provided to supply the required air from the atmosphere.

In the use and operation of the invention as illustrated in FIGS. 1 through 5 the oil burner 11 is operated in a conventional manner with the air supplied thereto being given a highly swirling motion by the vanes 15. The swirling air and burning oils supplied from the nozzle 14 are retained momentarily in the primary combustion chamber 16 to insure the ignition of all of the oil prior to the flow therefrom through the neck 18 into the secondary combustion chamber 26. Combustion is completed in the secondary combustion chamber 26 as additional air is supplied thereto through the bores 32 in its surface. The walls of the secondary combustion chamber 26 become quite hot and heat the air coming in contact therewith within the housing 20. The heated air passes up through the conduit 24 as well as through the bores 32 to provide the heat for the home or other space to be heated. The products of combustion from the secondary combustion chamber 26 then pass up through the stack 33 with all pollutents completely burned therefrom. A lip 35 is secured to the nozzle 14 in underlying relation thereto as can be seen in FIGS. 3 and to catch any drip from the nozzle 14 and direct it into the primary combustion chamber 16. The heat of the walls of the primary combustion chamber 16 will instantaneously vaporize and burn the oil dripping from the nozzle 14 immediately following the shutoff of the oil burner 11. In the absence of the lip 35, in prior art devices, oil will drip into the tube 12 and from there into the furnace accumalating to create wastage, pollution and possible explosion on restart of the burner.

Referring now to FIG. 6 a hot waterheating system is indicated generally at 50. The hot water heating system 50 utilizes a primary combustion chamber 51 identical to the primary combustion chamber 16, which is fed in the identical manner by an oil burner as illustrated in FIG. 1.

A generally cylindrical housing 52 is supported on legs 53 and has large circular openings 54, 55 at opposite ends thereof. Brackets 56 at opposite ends of the housing 52 support a generally cylindrical secondary combustion chamber 57 thereon spaced inwardly from the openings 54, 55. The secondary combustion chamber 57 is connected at 58 to the primary combustion chamber 51 to receive the products of combustion therefrom. The cylindrical wall of the secondary combustion chamber 57 is provided with a plurality of bores 59 opening therethrough to admit additional air to the secondary combustion chamber as required to totally complete the combustion of the products of combustion from the primary combustion chamber 51.

A hear exchanger 60 is positioned on top of the housing52 and has a water coil 61 positioned therein. A water inlet pipe 62 extends to the bottom of the coil 61 and a water outlet pipe 63 extends from the top thereof to a water pump 64. The water pump 64v circulates the water from the hot water coil 61 through the area to be heated. A stack 65 is positioned on top of the heat exchanger 62, receive the products of combustion to expel them to the atmosphere.

The use and operation of the modification illustrated in FIG. 6 is identical to that of the preferred form of the invention illustrated in FIGS. 1 through 5 with the exception that the products of combustion heat water for a domestic hot water system rather then the air heated in the preferred form of the invention.

In FIGS. 7 through 9 a steam boiler system is indicated generally at 70. In the system 70 a plurality of primary combustion chambers 71 identical to the primary combustion chamber 16 are connected to a secondary combustion chamber 72 which is enclosed in an air housing 73. Bores 74 open from the air housings 5 73 into the secondary combustion chamber 74 to admit additional air to complete the combustion from the primary combustion chamber 71 with the additional air being supplied by a blower 75. A steam boiler 76 is positioned in a housing 77 extending from the secondary combustion chamber 72 and has a plurality of fire tubes 78 positioned therein to conduct the products of combustion through the boiler 76 to a stack 79 leading to the atmosphere. An inlet pipe 80 and an outlet pipe 81 are provided for the steam boiler 76 to feed a steam system.

In the use and operation of the modification illustrated in FIGS. 6 through 9 it is identical to that of the structure illustrated in FIGS. 1 through 5 with the exception that hot water and steam substituted for the air which is heated in the preferred form of the invention.

Having thus described the preferred embodiments of the invention it should be understood that numerous structural modifications and adaptations such as by preheating the fuel oil by conventional means, may be restored to without departing from the spirit of the invention.

What is claimed is:

1. An anti-pollution oil burning heating system comprising a gun type oil burner having an outlet tube, means in said tube for creating a swirling movement of the air passing therethrough, a primary combustion chamber secured to said tube to receive the products of combustion therefrom, said primary combustion chamber having a diameter greater than the diameter of said tube and having a reduced diameter outlet at the end thereof opposite said tube, a secondary combustion chamber secured to the outlet of said primary combustion chamber to receive products. of combustion therefrom, said secondary combustion chamber having a diameter substantially greater than the diameter of said primary combustion chamber, a plurality of bores formed in the wall of said secondary combustion chamber to admit additional air thereto for completing the combustion of materials received from said primary combustion chamber, and means attached to said secondary combustion chamber for heating a fluid medium.

2. A device as claimed in claim 1 wherein a housing surrounds said secondary combustion chamber for containing air to be heated as the fluid medium.

3. A device as claimed in claim 1 wherein a hot water heating coil constitutes means for heating a fluid medium attached to said secondary combustion chamber.

4. A device as claimed in claim 1 wherein a steam boiler is attached to said secondary combustion chamber and constitutes the means for heating a fluid medium.

5. A device as claimed in claim 1 wherein said ,oil

' burner includes a spray nozzle and a lip is secured to 60 said spray nozzle underlying said spray nozzle for directing oil dripping from said spray nozzle after shu toff of said oil burner to direct the dripping oil into said primary combustion chamber for instantaneous vaporation. 65 a: a :r :u w 

1. An anti-pollution oil burning heating system comprising a gun type oil burner having an outlet tube, means in said tube for creating a swirling movement of the air passing therethrough, a primary combustion chamber secured to said tube to receive the products of combustion therefrom, said primary combustion chamber having a diameter greater than the diameter of said tube and having a reduced diameter outlet at the end thereof opposite said tube, a secondary combustion chamber secured to the outlet of said primary combustion chamber to receive products of combustion therefrom, said secondary combustion chamber having a diameter substantially greater than the diameter of said primary combustion chamber, a plurality of bores formed in the wall of said secondary combustion chamber to admit additional air thereto for completing the combustion of materials received from said primary combustion chamber, and means attached to said secondary combustion chamber for heating a fluid medium.
 1. An anti-pollution oil burning heating system comprising a gun type oil burner having an outlet tube, means in said tube for creating a swirling movement of the air passing therethrough, a primary combustion chamber secured to said tube to receive the products of combustion therefrom, said primary combustion chamber having a diameter greater than the diameter of said tube and having a reduced diameter outlet at the end thereof opposite said tube, a secondary combustion chamber secured to the outlet of said primary combustion chamber to receive products of combustion therefrom, said secondary combustion chamber having a diameter substantially greater than the diameter of said primary combustion chamber, a plurality of bores formed in the wall of said secondary combustion chamber to admit additional air thereto for completing the combustion of materials received from said primary combustion chamber, and means attached to said secondary combustion chamber for heating a fluid medium.
 2. A device as claimed in claim 1 wherein a housing surrounds said secondary combustion chamber for containing air to be heated as the fluid medium.
 3. A device as claimed in claim 1 wherein a hot water heating coil constitutes means for heating a fluid medium attached to said secondary combustion chamber.
 4. A device as claimed in claim 1 wherein a steam boiler is attached to said secondary combustion chamber and constitutes the means for heating a fluid medium. 